Langer-Mond Fuel CellFuel cell has been researched for over 170 years already. The idea of creating a fuel cell was suggested by Sir William Robert Grove in 1839. However, it couldn't be applied in practice for a long time as there were technical complications in using a two-component gaseous fuel in the middle of the 19th century. One of the first experiments in creating an easy-to-use fuel cell was conducted in 1889 by German physicists Carl Langer and Ludwig Mond. They introduced the term "fuel cell". They built a cell which worked on air and industrial gas coals. Firstly, they used non-conducting porous diaphragms soaked in a diluted sulphuric acid, ie electrolyte.Then they placed a perforated platinum sheet covered with a platinum-black film on each side of the diaphragm. A dry platinum-black acts as a catalyst of fuel cell activity. A platinum sheet was placed in the contact with stripes of lead. Thus Mond and Langer reduced internal losses in the cell. Cell diaphragms were placed closely one over the other with membranes made of cardboard, wood, or Indian rubber. They ensured passage of gas through the membrane without holding back the electrolyte. In these cells they received current density of 6 amperes per square foot of the electrode at the voltage of 0.73 V per one cell. However, voltage on the cell was reducing by 10% over 1 hour of work. Thus the electrolyte couldn't perform stably. The experiments proved that oxygen-hydrogen or air-coal-gas fuel are ...
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